Linux shadow encryption

Алкоритм шифрования указан в самой строке зашифрованного пароля:

• $1$: it uses MD5.
• $5$: it uses SHA-256.
• $6$: it uses SHA-512.
• $2a$: it uses blowfish, not supported everywhere.
• Otherwise it uses DES

On Debian you can use mkpasswd to create passwords with different hashing algorithms suitable for /etc/shadow. It is included in the package whois (according to apt-file)

mkpasswd -m sha-512
mkpasswd -m md5

to get a list of available hashing algoritms type:

mkpasswd -m help

linux, shadow, encryption, mkpasswd, шифрование